Sheeshedar
One of the well- known crafts associated with embroidery is Sheeshedar or
mirror work. It is a highly intricate form of sewing mirror discs onto the
fabric The art supposed to have originated in Persia, dates back to the early
13th century. But not much is known about it. Marco Polo, who came to India in
the same century, commented that the gold and silver embroidery in this region
was more skillfully done than anywhere else in the world.
The art of putting mirrors into the garments is usually combined with other
forms of embroidery. The communities who were already familiar with art of
embroidery incorporated this craft so as to add more effects to their designs.
The Jats of Banni in Kutch, whose ancestry may be traced to Baluchistan produce
a distinctive effect that is characterised by small, intricate geometric
patterns. Mirror discs are cut in the shape of petals and leaves, and blended
into the designs for shimmering delicacy.
Kathi embroidery emphasise floral patterns whose interior are filled with
herringbone stitch. Popular motifs of flowers or peacocks are used and the
intervening spaces were filled with leaves and buds. Mirrors discs are commonly
inserted the center of flowers, eyes of birds and animals and this accentuates
the patterns.
Several other communities produces their variants in this region. The Mahajans
are known for their unique style of austere geometric embroidery. Often
employing a monochrome of red or violet, in long darning stitches, these cover
the entire cloth. Sometimes the sheen of silk together white and cream threads
is used to produce a rich effect on mirrors at the intersection of motifs. The
Kanbis, another community are noted for their bright yellow and orange thread
colours used with large mirrors of upto one inch in diameter and framed in metal
to embolden its impact. Garao Jats on the other hand, employ incredibly
miniscule mirror embroidery on a background heavily encrusted with white thread,
blazed with red, orange, blue and green.